Robert Frost How Many Things Would You Attempt If You...

â€Å"How many things would you attempt if you knew you could not fail?† – Robert Frost Robert Frost is one of the most successful American poets, he reached a large and diversified readership. His career spanned fifty years, throughout those fifty years he achieved more than the average poet. Frost was born on March 26, 1874 in San Francisco, California. His family moved from Pennsylvania shortly after his parent’s marriage. After his father’s death from tuberculosis he moved with his mother and younger sister to Massachusetts. During his high school career, is when he became interested in reading and writing. He enrolled in a Dartmouth College and later in Harvard. Frost never earned a formal college degree. Nevertheless, after leaving school he went through several occupations. In 1895, Frost married Elinor Miriam White, who was a major inspiration for his poetry until her death in 1938. Most of Frost’s success in American literature came from his capability to speak in poetic but plain language to common people and scholars. His poetry is the cu lmination, combining all elements of poetic craft and modern themes. What separates him from most poets is instead of writing about his own experiences, Frost wrote about the process of discovery and the relationship between people and their surroundings. Because Frost’s poems operate on so many levels, it is possible for almost everyone to find his or her own beliefs about life reflected in Frost’s poetry. Furthermore, theShow MoreRelatedFear Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is fear? Is fear just a protective mechanism our brain creates when we encounter a problem? 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Still, I have always felt incredibly privileged to be able to travel this road and I’m deeply grateful towards all the people who have contributed to make it possibleRead MoreOrganizational Management26375 Words   |  106 Pages329.2.3: Responsibility Centers and Balanced Scorecards - The graduate designs responsibility centers and develops a balanced scorecard system to improve strategic success. Introduction: In this task, you will analyze the â€Å"Utah Symphony and Utah Opera: A Merger Proposal† case study. You will develop a proposed action plan for the new leader, Anne Ewers, to help her in the development of a new strategy to measure the success of the ongoing merger process. The strategic goals for the first yearRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesAttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author endorse you or your use of the work). (2) Noncommercial You may not use this work for commercial purposesRead MoreSarasvathy, Causation and Effectuation-Toward a Theoretical Shift from Economic Inevitability to14504 Words   |  59 Pagesseem as if the striving itself had drawn or pulled them into actuality out from the state of merely possible being in which they were. How is this feat performed? How does the pulling pull? How do I get my hold on words not yet existent and when they come by what means have I made them come? Really it is the problem of creation; for in the end the question is: How do I make them be?... ... 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Information Flow Free Essays

There are many elements that aid an organization in being successful, however one of the key elements is Information flow. In my Journal Entry I will be describing the levels of communication, both good and bad, that are found within Johnson Matthey, my current employer. I will discuss the three main managerial approaches within my company that I have observed, and the three potential communication barriers as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Information Flow or any similar topic only for you Order Now The intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, organizational and intercultural levels of communications are all on display amongst the coworkers of Johnson Matthey. There are multiple levels within the headquarters, located in Wayne, PA. They are all providing the same product for the Oil and Gas Industry. Each level contains up to 45 employees depending on the department. Interpersonal communication is continuously conducted within each group so that nothing ever falls between the cracks. Individuals are always communicating with themselves due to the constant changes in materials needed, which requires them to be able to adapt to change quickly. The workforce here is largely diverse, mostly all men with degrees in The Sciences, but various backgrounds and educational levels. We all work in groups, each department is tied to the next, therefore requiring tight nit and close communication. Every department is essentially like its own â€Å"clique†, everyone talks about the next department, and it’s kind of like lunch time in the cafeteria during high school. Depending on your department you can be looked at as a friend or an enemy, sadly in my line of work, it’s very hard to find people who support you and back you up unless they are in your department. The woman here are very jealous of each other, they don’t like to be outshined, especially by newbies or those of us who are younger. This kind of behavior can put a major dent on communication skills. Mostly to spite someone, but that’s still not a responsible way to handle any situation. Information travels generally in one direction from our customer (various Oil and Gas clients) to us. There are occasions when we have a little say so in the actual product but for the most part it is a one-sided show. We have our Regional Manager Andrew, our Offshore Manager Jim and our Operations Manager Roy. The way it starts is, the job comes into Andy, he determines if it is an Onshore or Offshore project. If it is determined to be offshore, it goes to Jim, he works out the schematics of personnel with Chris and myself. Any budget questions, equipment needs etc. have to be cleared by me and then run over by Roy for final approval. The channel used is generally email from the client to one of the site managers. The feedback comes once the work is complete and as long as we get a top notch report, then we get a good â€Å"pat on the back† from upper management, and we move on to the next project. The functions of Y Hierarchy of managerial communications do exist within this organization. Our manager is continuously creating and encouraging a wonderful work environment and providing opportunities for employees to take the initiative and self-direction. Management is always looking for new ways for employees to make significant contributions within the organization. Behavioral, empowerment, and contingency are the three managerial communication approaches that I have observed within the organization that I currently work for. Empowerment is the distribution or entrustment of power or authority to his or hers subordinates within an organization. Generally used when upper management is out of work for certain amount of time. Empowerment also encourages the employees to get more involved with the organization. The contingency approach is seen a lot in our office. Our Operations Manager knows that there is more than one way to get an â€Å"A+† on our work, and whichever way produces the best result with the least amount of money and time spent, is generally the path that is taken. This is probably the approach seen mostly around the Johnson Matthey organization because of the results that are produced. Behavioral approach comes with trust and one’s individual character. Managers have been seen trusting and respecting the employees more now than ever due the production that each department has put out for our clients. Personality, emotional, and physical are the three potential barriers to effective communication within not just Johnson Matthey, but most organizations. Everyone here has their own personality and that can sometimes create an issue throughout the business day. Individuals are loaded with many traits that create personal attitudes, approaches, angles, quirks and different views on the world, and how to handle various situations. There are many occasions in which this trait has stalled communication between two individuals and in some case hurt the overall job being done. Emotional barriers can by far be the worst thing out there, in terms of communication in a company. There are many individuals in my organization that let things go straight to their heads and forget that we are at the workplace. Emotions should not be brought to work with you at all, you should be able to brush things off and move on with the job. Especially personal conflicts and personal issues. Your office and your coworkers are not the place to be dealing with those kinds of things. Managers are often seen using a softer touch to get through to the individuals with emotional issues. Physical barriers are one of the most common around my office though. There are many occasions that we are working with a wall between co-workers and with communication being the key to our success problem will generally arise on occasions. We have made complaints on many occasions with the same results â€Å"deal with it†. How to cite Information Flow, Papers

The Best Political Philosophy is Marxism

Introduction Governance is a challenging issue throughout the world. This is mainly because people come from different cultures. Moreover, the varying cultures bestow different behaviors in them. Therefore, they have different perspectives about politics. Political philosophy explores links between societies and individuals. It tries to ensure that everyone is satisfied through good governance in society.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Best Political Philosophy is Marxism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, achieving good governance is the most difficult challenge in life. This is because it encompasses numerous variables. Society needs are many and diverse; it therefore requires critical thinking and deliberations in order to succeed. This paper will explore various political theories, their similarities and differences. It will also pick on the best political philosophy. Political Theories Over the years, different political theories have been proposed. These include socialism, liberalism, conservatism and anarchism, among others. These theories try to define relationship between societies and individuals. In this sense, the theories consider freedom, its limits, speech and action. Political theories consider situations when governments can act against their citizens and vice versa. In essence, it encompasses people’s lives and governance. In this regard, several philosophers and theorists have come up with varying political theories aimed at achieving good governance. These are Plato, Marx, Hobbes and Locke, among others. Their theories have a number of similarities although they diverge in many areas. Evidently, they chose these theories with a view to attaining a perfect society and governance. However, it is important to note that these thoughts have drawn a number of criticisms. This is attributed to diversity and individual needs, which varies. Plato Plato was a Greek philosopher who is credited with western philosophy. He is also credited with science in western world. Plato lived between 428 and 358 BC. His works were prominent in his period. They included philosophies in recurrent themes, metaphysics, among others. His political theory was based on meritocracy. Meritocracy was based on the fact that an individual could not provide alone, he/she had to incorporate help of others. In this sense, Plato believed that good governance could only be achieved through metocracy. Moreover, he campaigned for paternalistic theory. According to Plato, a ruler should govern people and this ruler should be the smartest of all. He believed that two steps could be utilized to find this person (ruler).Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The first step involves universal education, where everyone is subjected to some form of education, which evens out his or her natural advantages. After which, tests can be given to determine the smartest. Plato also believed that smart people could become smarter through hard study and intelligence. He therefore proposed that this person should become ruler or governor of society. The governor is to dictate society values, and rule on among other issues right/wrong and right to choose good parents. In addition, the governor should not be allowed to own property, marry or farm. Moreover, he believed that an individual could rule irrespective of race or sex. Hobbes Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher. He lived between 1588 and 1679. He was popular for political philosophy, which is credited for western philosophy in politics. He believed in social contract theory, which emphasized the need for people to give up their rights and allow for governments. In essence, he believed in absolute sovereignty. He also believed in some form of liberalism. According to him, human nature caused him/her to b e selfish. Therefore, they needed a government that could protect them from others. He therefore believed in government for protection of people. However, he believed in a democratic government that would ensure good governance. Hobbes believed that society would give up virtually everything to move out of state of nature. Moreover, he believed that all governments are good. Hobbes also believed that good laws help people while bad laws hurt them. He also thought that a world without government would be detrimental to society as everyone would then do as he or she chooses. In essence, he believed that human nature could not allow them to rule themselves due to selfishness. Therefore, he chose government as the best option since it created order in society. Locke John Locke was an English Philosopher. He lived between 1632 and 1704. He was well known for liberalism thoughts, which gave him the famous name, father of Liberalism. Like Hobbes, Locke also had socialist contract views alb eit with some modifications. He believed in human nature and considered them selfish. However, his belief on selfish nature of man was not absolute.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Best Political Philosophy is Marxism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because of his liberal thinking which believed in a rational man. According to Locke, people had the capability of living without government. He thought that rational people had ethical principles that could enable them to govern themselves. He also believed that ethical principles could tell people what to do. He also diverged from Hobbes thoughts on social contract by saying that agreements had limits. In essence, citizens would not give up everything; there are things they hold to whatever happens. He therefore emphasized that life without a government meant a state of nature. He also believed that citizens and government were like two sides with demand. In that regard, the government could do things against citizens if their demands were not met. Similarly, citizens could also act against government to demand their needs. Even though Plato believed in best government, Locke did not. Marx Karl Marx was a German philosopher. He lived between 1818 and 1883. He was also an economist, historian, sociologist and journalist. He is credited for socialist revolution and had a significant role in social science. Some of his notable works were in communist manifesto and capital. His theories were known collectively as Marxism. In this regard, he held that societies would only progress through conflict of class struggle. He was strongly opposed to capitalism. Marx also believed that socioeconomic systems were prone to clashes than socialism. According to him, self-destruction of capitalism was inevitable and people would come back to socialism. He criticized hypothetical philosophy as well as evaluating ideology and metaphysics. He be lieved in human nature but stressed that it could be transformed through history and interaction with others and material objects. He believed that capitalism was based on two principles namely laws of supply and demand as well as survival for the fittest. He categorized social classes in capitalism. According to him, social class was hinged on the relationship between class and their means of production. In this sense, proletariat sold labor power for salaries and therefore did not own means of production. He also pointed out that Bourgeoisie owned the means of production and therefore exploited proletariat. Moreover, small proprietors were known as Peti Bourgeoisie.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Those who had no stake in economic systems were considered as Lumpenproletariat. Landlords were considered important as opposed to peasants. He therefore identified stages of development namely, primitive communism, slavery, feudalism, capitalism, socialism and communism. Similarities These theories have a number of similarities. These include belief in human nature as is seen with Hobbes, Locke and Marx. In this sense, the three theorists believe in human nature. It is also important to note that these group of theorists also believed in the fact that people are selfish. Another point of convergence in these philosophical thoughts was on government. They all concurred that some form of government was necessary irrespective of the method. It can then be said that they had confidence in a society, which is governed albeit with different structures of governance. Another element of concurrence in these theories is on protection of people and property. Every form of governance proposed by the theorists was aimed at protecting people and their property. Differences Political philosophy theories have differences based on their structures and theorists. For instance, as much as the three theorists Hobbes, Locke and Marx believed in human nature, they differed on its influence. While Hobbes believed in human nature, he also insisted that they are selfish and this behavior could not allow them to govern each other. On the other hand, Locke believes that as much as human are selfish, they also posses rational aspects, which enables them to note wrong things. Plato on the other hand did not believe in human nature, instead, he emphasized on metocracy. Moreover, even though Marx believed in human nature, he stressed more on the fact that they could be transformed through interaction with material objects. These political theories also differed on the form of government. For instance, Marx gave stages of development in a society which transverses from primitive communism, through capitalism to communism. On the other hand, Plato believed on a ruler or governor with all powers to dictate social values, right/wrong, among others. Contrariwise, Hobbes believed in an absolute sovereign government, which dictates and protects its citizens. This was also slightly different from Locke’s version; he believed that government had a trivial role to play in society. It is also quite important to note that Plato considered governance to be based on intelligence. In fact, he believed that only the smartest could govern society. This thought is different from that of Hobbes who thought that man is selfish and therefore cannot manage himself, he insisted on a government for all irrespective of their thoughts. He believed that people would give up everything for governance. On the contrary, Locke believed in a rational man, even though he could be selfish and therefore gave chance to a society without government. Marx on the other hand thought of transforming human nature and society that relates to means of production. In the process, he came up with various stages of development that defines system of government. Plato believed in best government, which could be attained through universal education and tests, on the other hand, Hobbs and Locke did not. While Hobbs believed that all governments were good, Locke did not, instead he thought of it as an optional need. However, Marx believed in classes defined by economic system. From all the theories above, it is very clear that Plato’s political philosophy emphasized heavily on dictatorial system in which one man decides everything. The system looks perfect and unrealistic since people give up too much rights and responsibility to governor. Choice From the given theories, it can be noted that they all have advantages and disadvantages. For instance, Plato’s theory promises a lot in terms of efficiency and perfection although this is unrealistic. Hobbes on the other hand giv es a political system in which people are not trusted. Surprisingly, they are given opportunity to lead the government. This is quite difficult to understand as the same people who are selfish lead government. Locke’s theory on the other hand gives chance to democracy and rationale of men. However, he also puts too much faith in people to be able to govern themselves. Marx on the other hand describes a political system through class, which is defined by economic systems. Therefore, I would choose Marx’s theory since it defines most contemporary governing systems and rewards hard work although it has disadvantages too. Reasons for Choice People come from diverse backgrounds. Just like the theorists, they have different philosophical thoughts on governance. Some people love aristocracy, where everyone does whatever they want. Others love variously capitalism, socialism and feudalism, among others. This discredits Plato’s system of governance, which expects people to have a single thought, which is forced on everyone by a dictator. Moreover, it discredits Hobbs’ theory, which thinks that people can give up everything for a state of nature. This is untrue from experience since people tend to cling to some values, which are valuable to them. Moreover, not all governments are good, some commit atrocities on their citizens. Locke’s theory is also less attractive since it gives too much power to people in the name of ethical principles. Therefore, it is Marx theory that realizes diversity and upholds it in relation to means of production. In this sense, it is obvious that we cannot have a perfect world. Again, we cannot have a self-governing society because we need protection against inversion. Therefore, the best political philosophy is Marxism. Conclusion The world is diverse with different cultures. Similarly, people have varying thoughts, which defines how they relate to environment. Society therefore requires a form of governmen t that realizes these differences and upholds them for success. Otherwise, clashes can be realized in most societies with repressions and its repercussions. Plato’s theory works on metocracy model, which emphasizes dictatorship by the smartest of all people. This is quite unrealistic since people have different skills and cannot accept dictatorship. Hobbes theory on the other hand believes that all governments are good and must be in place to create order. This is hypothetical since there are governments that perpetuate atrocities. Locke shares Hobbs’ sentiments although he believes that people are rational. This is true although it must be considered that being rational is not an obligation and therefore people can do things against their principles for selfish reasons too. Clearly, the only possible system is Marx, which accommodates various classes of people with regards to their means of production. This theory rewards those who work hard and tries to balance the c hain of command. It should be noted that it also has its disadvantages, which include exploitation of the poor, among others. This term paper on The Best Political Philosophy is Marxism was written and submitted by user Rumiko Fujikawa to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow †Computer Science Essay

Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow – Computer Science Essay Free Online Research Papers Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow Computer Science Essay 1 Introduction: Hammer and Champy identify three factors that characterize modern businesses: customers take charge, intense competition, and constant change.Also scientists and engineers require flexible models for process definition and execution. The outcomes of scientific processes evolve as the experiment unfolds. It is difficult to determine in advance the structure of the entire process. Scientific workflow systems must allow workflows and product data to evolve at runtime. 2 Dynamic Object Models for Changing Environments Dynamic Object Model (DOM) architecture stores its object model in configuration data and interprets it at runtime. Changing the object model will immediately result in a change in behavior. Since the object model is represented as data, it is usually easy to change. DOMs strive to represent knowledge about a domain as relationships between the objects that model the domain. They avoid hard-coding this knowledge into the code, since usually code can’t change at runtime. DOMs usually emerge from mature domain-specific frameworks. As developers evolve a framework from white-box to black-box [RJ97], they gain a better understanding of the domain. This enables them to recognize the â€Å"hot spots† of the design- the parts that are likely to change. Next, developers factor out these parts into configuration data. What’s left is a generic system that interprets the configuration data at runtime. Changing the behavior doesn’t require code changes any longer. This approach yields a dynamically modifiable system, where the data contains the configuration information. Users can modify the system without programming and can defer configuration decisions until runtime. When you let users modify the system, you also have to deal with their mistakes. For this reason, DOM applications require user support tools. The DOM architectural style has been successful in domains where the business rules change often. For example, automobile makers release new models every year. Manufacturing can benefit from DOM, but the benefit might not be worth the cost. 3 The Structure of the Dynamic Object Model Design patterns; Type Object [JW97], most important, which separates an Entity from an EntityType. Entities have Properties and Type Object is used a second time to separate Property from PropertyType. Strategy objects [GHJV95] define the behavior of an EntityType. Metadata [FY98] supplies the mechanism that allows the architecture to represent the knowledge about the domain as configuration information. Visual Builder [RJ97] provides a means for the now-empowered users to interact with the object model. 3.1 Properties Objects encapsulate state and behavior. State corresponds to attributes which are usually implemented with instance variables. Changing the instance variables of an object requires changing its code. Instead of having an instance variable for each attribute, the Property pattern uses an instance variable that holds a collection of attributes. Each attribute is associated with a unique key. Users use these keys to access, alter, modify or remove attributes at runtime. Users can add the extra attribute at runtime, without stopping the system. 3.2 Strategy In an object-oriented programming language, methods or virtual functions define the behavior of objects. The most languages do not allow objects to control their own methods. We want to be able to control an object’s behavior. We need to represent behavior with a user-level mechanism. A Strategy is the reification of behavior into objects. The Strategy pattern defines a standard interface for a family of algorithms. Clients can work with any algorithm of a given family. If an object’s behavior is defined by one or more strategies then that behavior is easy to change. 3.3 Type object The majority of object-oriented languages structure a program as a set of classes. A class defines the structure and behavior of objects. Most object-oriented systems use a separate class for each kind of object. Introducing a new kind of object requires making a new class, which requires programming. The Type Object pattern makes the class-instance classification relationship explicit. Some languages permit the class of an object to change (e.g., Smalltalk), but most do not. With Type Object, the classification relationship is at the user level and can be dynamically modified. Of course, simply changing the process type is not enough- we also need to convert the attributes. However, now the user controls the state, behavior, and classification relationship. 3.4 Metadata DOMs represent the reminder of the object model as configuration data, or Metadata. Therefore, modifications of the configuration data change the object model. In turn, changing the object model alters the system behavior. Two factors contribute to the extended flexibility of DOM architectures. the generic part is hardwired; types, entities, attributes and algorithms are universal concepts the variable part is pushed into Metadata; users have full control and modify it to adapt the object model to their needs 3.5 Visual builder One of the main reasons to build a DOM is to extend the system without programming. Users have direct access to the object model. They control the relationships between its core components and the Metadata information. DOM architectures push complexity into the configuration data and delegate configuration decisions to the users. 4 An Object-OrientedWorkflow Model The typical workflow system architecture consists of three components [Hol95, AAAM97, Sch96]. Build-time functions provide support for process definition and modeling. Run-time control manage process execution and their associated resources. Finally, run-time interaction functions provide the interfaces to human users and IT application tools. Usually, a workflow engine integrates both run-time control and interaction functions. The workflow engine handles process enactment. This consists of reading process definitions; creating new process instances; and scheduling the various steps within the process and the appropriate resources. For adaptive workflow, we should be able to change the process definition while the process is running. We should also have a way to change a particular process instance. We look at workflow through the lens of object-oriented technology. Since we are familiar with DOMs in the context of flexible object-oriented systems, we’d like to use the same architectural style and techniques for adaptive workflow and modifiable process models. Creating process instances from a process definition is similar to creating instances of a class. We usually employ the Composite design pattern to implement tree structures. For adaptive workflow we want to be able to dynamically change the type of a procedure. The catalog form of the Composite pattern [GHJV95] uses separate classes for node and leaf elements. To provide maximum runtime flexibility, we don’t want to commit a procedure type to a particular class. Therefore, we employ a variant that doesn’t use a classification relationship. Leaves can now change into composites and vice versa. 6 Dynamic Object Model and Workflow Adaptation First, we need a workflowmodel that supports evolution as well as ad-hoc modifications of process instances. Model evolution is essential for Business Process Reengineering (BPR) and Continuous Process Improvement (CPI). Ad-hoc modifications allow users to adjust a particular process instance to specific circumstances. Second, we need a flexible infrastructure. The underlying software systems must be able to keep up with the process changes. We proceed from the highest to the lowest level of abstraction. We also look at an additional characteristic supporting adaptive workflow, namely the convergence of build-time and run-time environments. 6.1 Domain level adaptation Software has two dimensions: Application domain and contains domain-specific logic Control and data flow (i.e. workflow) and is domain independent Generally we use the same tool (usually a programming language) in both dimensions. This characteristic encourages beginners to combine the two dimensions. Consequently, domain-specific code and control logic are usually intertwined within applications. Inexperienced programmers see (and think in) a unidimensional problem space. In contrast, workflow is a tool only for the control and data flow dimension. We can change on either dimension with minimal consequences for the other. To facilitate domain level adaptation, application and workflow-specific processing should be loosely coupled. However, only experienced architects achieve a good separation. The procedure framework tries to maintain a reduced contact area between the application and workflow domains. Control crosses the domain boundary only from the instance side in the workflow domain, at the level of Procedure objects- see Figure 6. The Iterative procedure type helps us to keep the application domain unspoiled from control logic. This reduced coupling means that changing the domain objects has a low impact on procedures, and vice versa. 6.2 Process level adaptation The workflow framework abstracts control flow in procedures. Type Object pattern in object-oriented design separates the issues of workflow evolution and those of dynamic ad-hoc changes: process owners can modify the ProcedureType, in the knowledge level. This structural change affects all Procedure objects of the corresponding type process users can change the Procedure instance, in the operational level. These changes have local scope and don’t affect other users The flexible composition supports process evolution as well as ad-hoc modifications. The key observation here is that the ProcedureType instantiates the Procedure at runtime, a dynamic binding between a process and various potential implementations. In other words, we don’t need the complete process specification at build time. A procedure can complete its specification at runtime. Alternatively, the workflow system may ask the For adaptive workflow we need adaptive exception handlers. At the framework level, we can implement exception handlers as procedure types. Users change the handlers in the same way they change process definitions. 6.3 Resource level adaptation In an adaptive workflow system resources are dynamic. 6.4 Infrastructure The hospital may decide to replace the relational database used for persistence with an object-oriented database. 6.5 Build-time and run-time environments We need an integrated environment for adaptive workflow. Ouksel and Watson investigate the capabilities needed by workflow systems to accommodate adaptive workflow [OJW98]. They identify the integration of build-time and run-time environments as an important requirement. Chiu and Li [CKL98] also recognize the importance of an integrated environment for workflow evolution. The build-time environment enables them to create new procedure types, in the knowledge level. For instance, a new treatment for a disease may be discovered. Likewise, the run-time environment handles procedure execution. Physicians customize a particular running process (procedure instance) according to their needs. Smalltalk, a powerful object-oriented language, has one of the best programming environments. The development environment is fully integrated with the run-time. A user can interrupt a running program, change the code and resume execution. Research Papers on Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow - Computer Science EssayIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfResearch Process Part OneThe Project Managment Office SystemAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaGenetic EngineeringThree Concepts of PsychodynamicPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

10 Shelf-Sign Errors

10 Shelf-Sign Errors 10 Shelf-Sign Errors 10 Shelf-Sign Errors By Mark Nichol Errors on store signs are less egregious and more common than those on the products sold themselves, but one wonders, based on these photographs (and on the mistakes we see all the time while we’re shopping) if anybody who works in retail is paying any attention. Somehow, this rollback doesn’t seem like such a good deal. I assume the person who prepared the sign simply used the wrong currency symbol, and I assume store employees don’t ever look at the signs. This error rarely shows up in print or online, though redundant use of both dollars and the dollar sign (as in â€Å"He spent less than $500 dollars†) appears on occasion. What’s a flue shot? Getting ejected out of a chimney like a human cannonball? I’d pay twenty bucks for that as long as a parachute is included in the cost. The employee who typed this sign evidently didn’t have a 12-pack of â€Å"Genness† on hand for reference or maybe they did, and sampled some. No, thanks for some reason, I’m just not that hungry anymore. Now, that, on the other hand, I might just have to try. (What was on that employee’s mind?) The N key, you’ll note, is close to but not adjacent to the K key, so a simple slip of a finger didn’t cause this typo. I’ve been wondering what Dan Quayle is up to these days. Not only is potato misspelled, but salads has an extraneous apostrophe. Third offense: Why â€Å"potatoe salad† but â€Å"macaroni salad’s†? Make both salads singular, or make both plural, Dan. And the person who type’s these sign’s is misinformed about how to style plural’s. Stationary looks anything but it appears that the word (which should be spelled stationery in this sense) and flashlights are about to make a break for it. Just what, exactly, is a Skittles Theather Box? Presumably, theathering is involved. It appears that this shelf holds every type of movie-watching snack but Skittles, but whatever. The sign maker, and fellow Whole Foods employees, didn’t catch the dueling verbs at the beginning of the second line. As regular Daily Writing Tips readers are wont to remark, I make mistakes like this on occasion (despite reading posts aloud while I proof), but this error seems too obvious to overlook. And what’s up with â€Å"conventionally grown†? That’s an awkward counterpart to organic why would any self-respecting Whole Foods customer buy something conventional? These images are from the websites Apostrophe Abuse, English Fail Blog, GrammarBlog, The Great Typo Hunt, and Wordsplosion. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid16 Misquoted QuotationsHow to Write a Proposal

The Maryknoll Missioners Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Maryknoll Missioners - Research Paper Example His mission on earth was full of love and compassion for people. He dedicated his life to protect the weak and stand for the truth. From this, one can articulate that, mission work began with Jesus Christ. Since then, Jesus followers received a mission of spreading love and compassion to all people as a vital aspect of making disciples of all nations. To this point, it stands out that, the work of a missioner entails a lot such as, teaching and preaching the word of God, protecting the weak, leading the captives free, and giving gifts to men among others. In a way, missionary work is referred to as the great commission described in Matthew 28:18-20 of going forth and making men disciples of all nations, baptizing them, and teaching them the word of God. Throughout history, Maryknoll has emphasized missionary and ministry work particularly in Korea, China, Africa, East Asia, and Latin America. Up-to-date, these missioners have played a significant role in the Catholic Church, in allev iating poverty, and enhancing constructive changes to many lives. With this regard, the following paper seeks to discuss the Maryknoll missioners as well as their impact on people’s lives. MARYKNOLL MISSIONARIES A brief history As mentioned earlier, Maryknoll was founded as a Catholic mission society. It was established in 1911 with most men being skilled tradesmen. The group was led by bishops from the United States, and its development fell into two diocesan priests namely Father Thomas Fredrick and James Anthony of Boston. Just like Jesus, the two individuals had the commission, to encourage U.S missioners to set their lives apart for helping the community. Studies outline that, one year after its founding, three men joined who were fully dedicated to the mission work (Gollock, 2010). During this time, the number of brothers increased in that, by 1921, the community comprised of twenty priests, dozen brothers, and almost sixty five seminaries students. Men played a vital r ole at Maryknoll to the extent that they formed a movement of the â€Å"Fields A far Staff â€Å". In 1920, the church recognized Maryknoll sisters who led the community into service as they recognize the needs in the community. In essence, the Maryknoll missionaries have served all over the world, as they become influential in regards to missionary activities. As of 2009, there were over 560 Maryknoll brothers and priests serving all over the world, mainly in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. In the 20th Century, they played a vital role in the Catholic Church of East Asia, and also extended into Latin American countries. Their aspect of mission For years, the Maryknoll Missioners have imposed love and compassion for people, as they work diligently to protect the weak and poor. For instance, they have had extensive connections with Latin American countries whereby, they have worked hard to eradicate poverty and improve lives of many Latin American. Poverty is a core issue affectin g Latin Americans in the sense that, some live below the poverty line. With this in mind, Maryknoll Missioners have worked to help the needy in such communities as they renewed call to their membership in campaigning for justice for the poor. These efforts have been supported by donations from U.S as many unite to help the needy in the community. With no doubt; this has helped to alleviate poverty as they bring constructive changes to the Latin Americans. Typically,

MIH514 - Cross-Cultural Perspectives Module 3 - Case Essay - 1

MIH514 - Cross-Cultural Perspectives Module 3 - Case - Essay Example the arrests made by the law enforcers and should one look at the actual picture, arrests are not indicators that the people arrested are the actual offenders (The Sentencing Project 2008). Moreover, based on the study, African Americans and Latinos are most likely incarcerated and in many instances receive longer sentence compared with their white counterparts. Statistics even show that African-Americans are often stopped and searched for contraband compared to their white counterparts. These are clear manifestations of racial disparity and clearly are not helping the society at large to deal with the real crime problems. Decision making bodies in the criminal justice system should make it a point that there should be no racial prejudice when dealing with criminal offenders, but instead the bail system results in higher rates of minorities being jailed before trial compared with whites in the same scenario. Minorities are also less likely to receive fair trial because of their â€Å"reduced access to defense counsel and community resources and treatment options† (The Sentencing Project 2008). Racial disparities can be seen in the following examples: The widely discussed phenomenon â€Å"driving while black†. Study reveals that whites are less likely to be stopped and searched for contraband by police while the minorities are often being stopped and questioned (The Sentencing Project 2008). While racial disparity is an issue in the criminal justice system, mental health services in the system is equally an important matter. The Council of State Governments Justice Center in a report says that 16.9% of adults in a sample of local jails are suffering from serious mental illness. The record shows that 14% of serious mental illnesses are found in men and 31% are found in women. According still to this report, if these rates were applied to 13 million jail admissions reported only in 2007, this would mean that every year there are 2 million bookings of a person who