Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow †Computer Science Essay

Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow – Computer Science Essay Free Online Research Papers Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow Computer Science Essay 1 Introduction: Hammer and Champy identify three factors that characterize modern businesses: customers take charge, intense competition, and constant change.Also scientists and engineers require flexible models for process definition and execution. The outcomes of scientific processes evolve as the experiment unfolds. It is difficult to determine in advance the structure of the entire process. Scientific workflow systems must allow workflows and product data to evolve at runtime. 2 Dynamic Object Models for Changing Environments Dynamic Object Model (DOM) architecture stores its object model in configuration data and interprets it at runtime. Changing the object model will immediately result in a change in behavior. Since the object model is represented as data, it is usually easy to change. DOMs strive to represent knowledge about a domain as relationships between the objects that model the domain. They avoid hard-coding this knowledge into the code, since usually code can’t change at runtime. DOMs usually emerge from mature domain-specific frameworks. As developers evolve a framework from white-box to black-box [RJ97], they gain a better understanding of the domain. This enables them to recognize the â€Å"hot spots† of the design- the parts that are likely to change. Next, developers factor out these parts into configuration data. What’s left is a generic system that interprets the configuration data at runtime. Changing the behavior doesn’t require code changes any longer. This approach yields a dynamically modifiable system, where the data contains the configuration information. Users can modify the system without programming and can defer configuration decisions until runtime. When you let users modify the system, you also have to deal with their mistakes. For this reason, DOM applications require user support tools. The DOM architectural style has been successful in domains where the business rules change often. For example, automobile makers release new models every year. Manufacturing can benefit from DOM, but the benefit might not be worth the cost. 3 The Structure of the Dynamic Object Model Design patterns; Type Object [JW97], most important, which separates an Entity from an EntityType. Entities have Properties and Type Object is used a second time to separate Property from PropertyType. Strategy objects [GHJV95] define the behavior of an EntityType. Metadata [FY98] supplies the mechanism that allows the architecture to represent the knowledge about the domain as configuration information. Visual Builder [RJ97] provides a means for the now-empowered users to interact with the object model. 3.1 Properties Objects encapsulate state and behavior. State corresponds to attributes which are usually implemented with instance variables. Changing the instance variables of an object requires changing its code. Instead of having an instance variable for each attribute, the Property pattern uses an instance variable that holds a collection of attributes. Each attribute is associated with a unique key. Users use these keys to access, alter, modify or remove attributes at runtime. Users can add the extra attribute at runtime, without stopping the system. 3.2 Strategy In an object-oriented programming language, methods or virtual functions define the behavior of objects. The most languages do not allow objects to control their own methods. We want to be able to control an object’s behavior. We need to represent behavior with a user-level mechanism. A Strategy is the reification of behavior into objects. The Strategy pattern defines a standard interface for a family of algorithms. Clients can work with any algorithm of a given family. If an object’s behavior is defined by one or more strategies then that behavior is easy to change. 3.3 Type object The majority of object-oriented languages structure a program as a set of classes. A class defines the structure and behavior of objects. Most object-oriented systems use a separate class for each kind of object. Introducing a new kind of object requires making a new class, which requires programming. The Type Object pattern makes the class-instance classification relationship explicit. Some languages permit the class of an object to change (e.g., Smalltalk), but most do not. With Type Object, the classification relationship is at the user level and can be dynamically modified. Of course, simply changing the process type is not enough- we also need to convert the attributes. However, now the user controls the state, behavior, and classification relationship. 3.4 Metadata DOMs represent the reminder of the object model as configuration data, or Metadata. Therefore, modifications of the configuration data change the object model. In turn, changing the object model alters the system behavior. Two factors contribute to the extended flexibility of DOM architectures. the generic part is hardwired; types, entities, attributes and algorithms are universal concepts the variable part is pushed into Metadata; users have full control and modify it to adapt the object model to their needs 3.5 Visual builder One of the main reasons to build a DOM is to extend the system without programming. Users have direct access to the object model. They control the relationships between its core components and the Metadata information. DOM architectures push complexity into the configuration data and delegate configuration decisions to the users. 4 An Object-OrientedWorkflow Model The typical workflow system architecture consists of three components [Hol95, AAAM97, Sch96]. Build-time functions provide support for process definition and modeling. Run-time control manage process execution and their associated resources. Finally, run-time interaction functions provide the interfaces to human users and IT application tools. Usually, a workflow engine integrates both run-time control and interaction functions. The workflow engine handles process enactment. This consists of reading process definitions; creating new process instances; and scheduling the various steps within the process and the appropriate resources. For adaptive workflow, we should be able to change the process definition while the process is running. We should also have a way to change a particular process instance. We look at workflow through the lens of object-oriented technology. Since we are familiar with DOMs in the context of flexible object-oriented systems, we’d like to use the same architectural style and techniques for adaptive workflow and modifiable process models. Creating process instances from a process definition is similar to creating instances of a class. We usually employ the Composite design pattern to implement tree structures. For adaptive workflow we want to be able to dynamically change the type of a procedure. The catalog form of the Composite pattern [GHJV95] uses separate classes for node and leaf elements. To provide maximum runtime flexibility, we don’t want to commit a procedure type to a particular class. Therefore, we employ a variant that doesn’t use a classification relationship. Leaves can now change into composites and vice versa. 6 Dynamic Object Model and Workflow Adaptation First, we need a workflowmodel that supports evolution as well as ad-hoc modifications of process instances. Model evolution is essential for Business Process Reengineering (BPR) and Continuous Process Improvement (CPI). Ad-hoc modifications allow users to adjust a particular process instance to specific circumstances. Second, we need a flexible infrastructure. The underlying software systems must be able to keep up with the process changes. We proceed from the highest to the lowest level of abstraction. We also look at an additional characteristic supporting adaptive workflow, namely the convergence of build-time and run-time environments. 6.1 Domain level adaptation Software has two dimensions: Application domain and contains domain-specific logic Control and data flow (i.e. workflow) and is domain independent Generally we use the same tool (usually a programming language) in both dimensions. This characteristic encourages beginners to combine the two dimensions. Consequently, domain-specific code and control logic are usually intertwined within applications. Inexperienced programmers see (and think in) a unidimensional problem space. In contrast, workflow is a tool only for the control and data flow dimension. We can change on either dimension with minimal consequences for the other. To facilitate domain level adaptation, application and workflow-specific processing should be loosely coupled. However, only experienced architects achieve a good separation. The procedure framework tries to maintain a reduced contact area between the application and workflow domains. Control crosses the domain boundary only from the instance side in the workflow domain, at the level of Procedure objects- see Figure 6. The Iterative procedure type helps us to keep the application domain unspoiled from control logic. This reduced coupling means that changing the domain objects has a low impact on procedures, and vice versa. 6.2 Process level adaptation The workflow framework abstracts control flow in procedures. Type Object pattern in object-oriented design separates the issues of workflow evolution and those of dynamic ad-hoc changes: process owners can modify the ProcedureType, in the knowledge level. This structural change affects all Procedure objects of the corresponding type process users can change the Procedure instance, in the operational level. These changes have local scope and don’t affect other users The flexible composition supports process evolution as well as ad-hoc modifications. The key observation here is that the ProcedureType instantiates the Procedure at runtime, a dynamic binding between a process and various potential implementations. In other words, we don’t need the complete process specification at build time. A procedure can complete its specification at runtime. Alternatively, the workflow system may ask the For adaptive workflow we need adaptive exception handlers. At the framework level, we can implement exception handlers as procedure types. Users change the handlers in the same way they change process definitions. 6.3 Resource level adaptation In an adaptive workflow system resources are dynamic. 6.4 Infrastructure The hospital may decide to replace the relational database used for persistence with an object-oriented database. 6.5 Build-time and run-time environments We need an integrated environment for adaptive workflow. Ouksel and Watson investigate the capabilities needed by workflow systems to accommodate adaptive workflow [OJW98]. They identify the integration of build-time and run-time environments as an important requirement. Chiu and Li [CKL98] also recognize the importance of an integrated environment for workflow evolution. The build-time environment enables them to create new procedure types, in the knowledge level. For instance, a new treatment for a disease may be discovered. Likewise, the run-time environment handles procedure execution. Physicians customize a particular running process (procedure instance) according to their needs. Smalltalk, a powerful object-oriented language, has one of the best programming environments. The development environment is fully integrated with the run-time. A user can interrupt a running program, change the code and resume execution. Research Papers on Dynamic Object Model and Adaptive Workflow - Computer Science EssayIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfResearch Process Part OneThe Project Managment Office SystemAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaGenetic EngineeringThree Concepts of PsychodynamicPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

10 Shelf-Sign Errors

10 Shelf-Sign Errors 10 Shelf-Sign Errors 10 Shelf-Sign Errors By Mark Nichol Errors on store signs are less egregious and more common than those on the products sold themselves, but one wonders, based on these photographs (and on the mistakes we see all the time while we’re shopping) if anybody who works in retail is paying any attention. Somehow, this rollback doesn’t seem like such a good deal. I assume the person who prepared the sign simply used the wrong currency symbol, and I assume store employees don’t ever look at the signs. This error rarely shows up in print or online, though redundant use of both dollars and the dollar sign (as in â€Å"He spent less than $500 dollars†) appears on occasion. What’s a flue shot? Getting ejected out of a chimney like a human cannonball? I’d pay twenty bucks for that as long as a parachute is included in the cost. The employee who typed this sign evidently didn’t have a 12-pack of â€Å"Genness† on hand for reference or maybe they did, and sampled some. No, thanks for some reason, I’m just not that hungry anymore. Now, that, on the other hand, I might just have to try. (What was on that employee’s mind?) The N key, you’ll note, is close to but not adjacent to the K key, so a simple slip of a finger didn’t cause this typo. I’ve been wondering what Dan Quayle is up to these days. Not only is potato misspelled, but salads has an extraneous apostrophe. Third offense: Why â€Å"potatoe salad† but â€Å"macaroni salad’s†? Make both salads singular, or make both plural, Dan. And the person who type’s these sign’s is misinformed about how to style plural’s. Stationary looks anything but it appears that the word (which should be spelled stationery in this sense) and flashlights are about to make a break for it. Just what, exactly, is a Skittles Theather Box? Presumably, theathering is involved. It appears that this shelf holds every type of movie-watching snack but Skittles, but whatever. The sign maker, and fellow Whole Foods employees, didn’t catch the dueling verbs at the beginning of the second line. As regular Daily Writing Tips readers are wont to remark, I make mistakes like this on occasion (despite reading posts aloud while I proof), but this error seems too obvious to overlook. And what’s up with â€Å"conventionally grown†? That’s an awkward counterpart to organic why would any self-respecting Whole Foods customer buy something conventional? These images are from the websites Apostrophe Abuse, English Fail Blog, GrammarBlog, The Great Typo Hunt, and Wordsplosion. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid16 Misquoted QuotationsHow to Write a Proposal

The Maryknoll Missioners Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Maryknoll Missioners - Research Paper Example His mission on earth was full of love and compassion for people. He dedicated his life to protect the weak and stand for the truth. From this, one can articulate that, mission work began with Jesus Christ. Since then, Jesus followers received a mission of spreading love and compassion to all people as a vital aspect of making disciples of all nations. To this point, it stands out that, the work of a missioner entails a lot such as, teaching and preaching the word of God, protecting the weak, leading the captives free, and giving gifts to men among others. In a way, missionary work is referred to as the great commission described in Matthew 28:18-20 of going forth and making men disciples of all nations, baptizing them, and teaching them the word of God. Throughout history, Maryknoll has emphasized missionary and ministry work particularly in Korea, China, Africa, East Asia, and Latin America. Up-to-date, these missioners have played a significant role in the Catholic Church, in allev iating poverty, and enhancing constructive changes to many lives. With this regard, the following paper seeks to discuss the Maryknoll missioners as well as their impact on people’s lives. MARYKNOLL MISSIONARIES A brief history As mentioned earlier, Maryknoll was founded as a Catholic mission society. It was established in 1911 with most men being skilled tradesmen. The group was led by bishops from the United States, and its development fell into two diocesan priests namely Father Thomas Fredrick and James Anthony of Boston. Just like Jesus, the two individuals had the commission, to encourage U.S missioners to set their lives apart for helping the community. Studies outline that, one year after its founding, three men joined who were fully dedicated to the mission work (Gollock, 2010). During this time, the number of brothers increased in that, by 1921, the community comprised of twenty priests, dozen brothers, and almost sixty five seminaries students. Men played a vital r ole at Maryknoll to the extent that they formed a movement of the â€Å"Fields A far Staff â€Å". In 1920, the church recognized Maryknoll sisters who led the community into service as they recognize the needs in the community. In essence, the Maryknoll missionaries have served all over the world, as they become influential in regards to missionary activities. As of 2009, there were over 560 Maryknoll brothers and priests serving all over the world, mainly in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. In the 20th Century, they played a vital role in the Catholic Church of East Asia, and also extended into Latin American countries. Their aspect of mission For years, the Maryknoll Missioners have imposed love and compassion for people, as they work diligently to protect the weak and poor. For instance, they have had extensive connections with Latin American countries whereby, they have worked hard to eradicate poverty and improve lives of many Latin American. Poverty is a core issue affectin g Latin Americans in the sense that, some live below the poverty line. With this in mind, Maryknoll Missioners have worked to help the needy in such communities as they renewed call to their membership in campaigning for justice for the poor. These efforts have been supported by donations from U.S as many unite to help the needy in the community. With no doubt; this has helped to alleviate poverty as they bring constructive changes to the Latin Americans. Typically,

MIH514 - Cross-Cultural Perspectives Module 3 - Case Essay - 1

MIH514 - Cross-Cultural Perspectives Module 3 - Case - Essay Example the arrests made by the law enforcers and should one look at the actual picture, arrests are not indicators that the people arrested are the actual offenders (The Sentencing Project 2008). Moreover, based on the study, African Americans and Latinos are most likely incarcerated and in many instances receive longer sentence compared with their white counterparts. Statistics even show that African-Americans are often stopped and searched for contraband compared to their white counterparts. These are clear manifestations of racial disparity and clearly are not helping the society at large to deal with the real crime problems. Decision making bodies in the criminal justice system should make it a point that there should be no racial prejudice when dealing with criminal offenders, but instead the bail system results in higher rates of minorities being jailed before trial compared with whites in the same scenario. Minorities are also less likely to receive fair trial because of their â€Å"reduced access to defense counsel and community resources and treatment options† (The Sentencing Project 2008). Racial disparities can be seen in the following examples: The widely discussed phenomenon â€Å"driving while black†. Study reveals that whites are less likely to be stopped and searched for contraband by police while the minorities are often being stopped and questioned (The Sentencing Project 2008). While racial disparity is an issue in the criminal justice system, mental health services in the system is equally an important matter. The Council of State Governments Justice Center in a report says that 16.9% of adults in a sample of local jails are suffering from serious mental illness. The record shows that 14% of serious mental illnesses are found in men and 31% are found in women. According still to this report, if these rates were applied to 13 million jail admissions reported only in 2007, this would mean that every year there are 2 million bookings of a person who

Cherokee Indians Essay examples -- History Indians Native Americans Es

Cherokee Indians The Cherokee Indians were one of the civilized tribes in the United States. They were located in the southeastern part of the U.S. This includes the western parts of North and South Carolina, The northern parts of Alabama and Georgia, Southwest Virginia and the Cumberland basin of Tennessee. It appears the Cherokee settled in 1000 A.D. to 1500 A.D. Their development took place in two stages or phases. The Pisgah which took place 1300 A.D. to 1540 A.D. and the Qualla which took place 1540 A.D. to 1750 A.D. The first period was primitive and the second was influenced by European contact. They were a large tribe that was part of the Iroquian language group even though their language is very different. Despite this the Cherokee developed written language due to contact with the white men. They were very interested in learning the white men ways. Although there is a lot written about the Cherokee and Europeans, the focus here will be Cherokee life including daily life, marriage, governme nt, and war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cherokee villages consisted of groups of relatives that included members of at least four clans. They grew crops outside their villages. There were also some fields inside the villages. Each family had a marked section of the field. Both men and women helped in farming every section. As with many tribes the men were responsible for hunting, fishing, building houses and council lodges, made important decisions, performed religious ceremonies, trained young boys and defended the village. The Cherokee women were responsible for the home, raising the children, helping in the fields, preparing and gathering food, washing and making clothes, and making baskets and pottery. Even though The Cherokee were a matrilineal society only certain women were allowed to have input in council decisions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Cherokee had many rules and regulations to live by and since they have a strong sense of tradition these rules were not challenged until they came into contact with the European. An example would be women were not allowed to marry until they had their first menstruation. During a young woman’s menstruation she is separated from her family and taken to a special place outside of the village where she stays for seven days. No one is allowed to touch her because she is believed to be unclean. Even she can not touch her own food therefore another w... ...g the warriors not to be afraid for God would help them if they trusted him. A priest would pray and the war party would set out. After returning home from battle, the warriors stayed at their own village council houses for twenty-four days. During this time they went under intense purification rituals before returning to their families. Being given a new name honored warriors, who fought well in battle. The new name usually gave them new status in the village.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cherokee life is full of traditions that helped the tribe survive as long as it has. Even though they have been separated, the Cherokee still have a strong sense of being. There is so much more to learn about the Cherokee Indians and their cultures that it will be a while before it is all revealed. Bibliography Mails, Thomas E. 1992 â€Å" The Cherokee People† Marlowe and company Mooney, James 1891 â€Å" Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees Starkey, Marion 1946 â€Å"The Cherokee Nation†, New York Steele, Phillip 1974 â€Å"The last Cherokee Warriors† Pelican publishing company Wilkins, Thurma 1970 â€Å"Cherokee Tragedy† London, The Macmillan Company Woodward, Grace Steele 1963 â€Å" The Cherokees, University of Oklahoma press. Cherokee Indians Essay examples -- History Indians Native Americans Es Cherokee Indians The Cherokee Indians were one of the civilized tribes in the United States. They were located in the southeastern part of the U.S. This includes the western parts of North and South Carolina, The northern parts of Alabama and Georgia, Southwest Virginia and the Cumberland basin of Tennessee. It appears the Cherokee settled in 1000 A.D. to 1500 A.D. Their development took place in two stages or phases. The Pisgah which took place 1300 A.D. to 1540 A.D. and the Qualla which took place 1540 A.D. to 1750 A.D. The first period was primitive and the second was influenced by European contact. They were a large tribe that was part of the Iroquian language group even though their language is very different. Despite this the Cherokee developed written language due to contact with the white men. They were very interested in learning the white men ways. Although there is a lot written about the Cherokee and Europeans, the focus here will be Cherokee life including daily life, marriage, governme nt, and war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cherokee villages consisted of groups of relatives that included members of at least four clans. They grew crops outside their villages. There were also some fields inside the villages. Each family had a marked section of the field. Both men and women helped in farming every section. As with many tribes the men were responsible for hunting, fishing, building houses and council lodges, made important decisions, performed religious ceremonies, trained young boys and defended the village. The Cherokee women were responsible for the home, raising the children, helping in the fields, preparing and gathering food, washing and making clothes, and making baskets and pottery. Even though The Cherokee were a matrilineal society only certain women were allowed to have input in council decisions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Cherokee had many rules and regulations to live by and since they have a strong sense of tradition these rules were not challenged until they came into contact with the European. An example would be women were not allowed to marry until they had their first menstruation. During a young woman’s menstruation she is separated from her family and taken to a special place outside of the village where she stays for seven days. No one is allowed to touch her because she is believed to be unclean. Even she can not touch her own food therefore another w... ...g the warriors not to be afraid for God would help them if they trusted him. A priest would pray and the war party would set out. After returning home from battle, the warriors stayed at their own village council houses for twenty-four days. During this time they went under intense purification rituals before returning to their families. Being given a new name honored warriors, who fought well in battle. The new name usually gave them new status in the village.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cherokee life is full of traditions that helped the tribe survive as long as it has. Even though they have been separated, the Cherokee still have a strong sense of being. There is so much more to learn about the Cherokee Indians and their cultures that it will be a while before it is all revealed. Bibliography Mails, Thomas E. 1992 â€Å" The Cherokee People† Marlowe and company Mooney, James 1891 â€Å" Sacred Formulas of the Cherokees Starkey, Marion 1946 â€Å"The Cherokee Nation†, New York Steele, Phillip 1974 â€Å"The last Cherokee Warriors† Pelican publishing company Wilkins, Thurma 1970 â€Å"Cherokee Tragedy† London, The Macmillan Company Woodward, Grace Steele 1963 â€Å" The Cherokees, University of Oklahoma press.

Cheating in College Exams Essay

Although there are a lot of just and honest students in colleges right now others don’t care about their education. Students continually try to cheat their way trough graduation. But the dilemma comes when they find out that the consequences are more significant that the grade they received. Nowadays there are a lot of uninvolved parents, most of them don’t sit with their child to help them with their homework or talk to them about the importance of school from an early age. All they care about is bringing money and food to the household; because of this children are being raised without morals and since this is the fist education they receive and is one that will impact them for the rest of their life, kids don’t learn that a letter is just a letter and that the important aspect of school is what you get out of the discussions, homework, and exams. The media doesn’t help in any way, constantly coming out with movies like â€Å"Slackers† or â€Å"The Perfect Score† where a group of teenagers decide to break into the Princeton Testing Center, so they can steal the answers to their upcoming SAT tests and all get perfect scores. The main focus of these kinds of movies are people ranging from 9 to 20 years of age and most of these films are rated pg13 so many kids can go in by themselves and get these images of how cool it is to cheat and how easy it is to get away with it. So having this view present in their heads they grow with a sense that there is nothing wrong with cheating as long as you are a reasonably a good person , and a law-abiding good standing citizen. Event ought teachers have in no way fault in the reason why students cheat on their exams professors could make it a little more difficult for students to do it, or at least get more creative with the way they provide exams. Some students here at BCC, including myself have at some pint or another been approach by another student that is going to take the class we’re in right  now, and we have been asked for a copy of the exams or the scantron sheets so that they can cheat and get a good grade the next semester that they enroll in the class we’re in right now. Because a lot of instructors don’t give essay exams, or another type of exams students can easily get a hold of tests from students that were on the class in previews semesters. This problem although rarely occurring, does happen, and if not addressed it will allow student to keep on cheating their way though college. The problem of cheating can be analyzed from a lot of points of view, and there are a lot of solutions that if implemented from early childhood, reinforced while receiving a negative image of this actions (unmoral, and not cool), and also including a little help from the teachers can result in students realizing and finally deciding not to do this because it is wrong to do it and because it is really hard to do it. If students understand that what they don’t learn right now may some day come up in their careers and make them look like a fool, they would not do it and they would not blame anybody for their actions because when cheating the only culpable is yourself.

The Battle of Rsebud Creek Essay - 1420 Words

Introduction The Indians that had fought General Custer had actually fought a battle against an even larger American Army Force only 10 days earlier. In mid June of 1876 General George Crook and approximately 1325 American soldiers, packers, miners and Indian allies moved north1. The intent was to get contingents of the Cheyenne, Sioux and Arapaho to move to reservations. History Gold had been discovered in the Black Hills of the Dakotas, and the American military intended to take it by force after a failed treaty negotiation. Crook had moved north from Fort Fetterman camp near present day Douglas Wyoming area, along rosebud creek, north into Montana territory. Crook’s column was 1 of 3 sent out in the summer of 1876 to try and get†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"4 During the move to the north it was discovered that the notorious character Calamity Jane had accidentally been employed as one of the wagon teamsters, being a female, she was not allowed in the column. However this brought a much needed division of attention from the monotone march. On June 9th 1876, an unknown amount of Sioux and Cheyenne Indians attacked General Crooks camp. The skirmish was remarkably short, Crook having sent a battalion of Cavalry to quickly dispatch the Indians that had taken high ground on them, and were firing down into the camp. Along the way the column recei ved the Shoshone and Crow allies which only numbered approximately 170, but was regarded as having the strength of an entire regiment.5 Execution/Action On June 17, 1876 Crook and his column rose at 3am and set out at 6 am. â€Å"John F. Finerty gives an account of the surroundings: At about 8 o’clock, we halted in a valley, very similar in the formation to the one in which we had pitched our camp the preceding night. Rosebud stream, indicated by the thick growth of wild roses, or sweet briar, from which its name is derived, flowed sluggishly through it, dividing it from south to north into two almost equal parts. The hills seem to rise on every side, and we were within easy musket shot of those most remote.†6 General Crook then paused his command for an early lunch in the Rosebud